Balance is the ability to control equilibrium. Equilibrium is the state of zero acceleration where there are no changes in speed or direction of the body. There are two types of equilibrium, static equilibrium and dynamic equilibrium. Static equilibrium is the ability of an individual to adjust, to displacements of his or her center of gravity while maintaining a constant base of support. On the other side, dynamic equilibrium happens when all applied and internal forces acting on a moving body are balance, resulting in movement with unchanged speed or direction. Stability is the resistance to a change in the body’s acceleration and disturbance of the body’s equilibrium. Therefore, to achieve balance, equilibrium and stability needs to be maximized.
Enhancing equilibrium, maximizing stability in achieving balance
1. The larger the base area/ base support, the more balance the person are.
2. The greater the amount of weight, more balance can be achieved.
3. The lower the height of center of gravity, the stronger the balance.
4. Balance is less if the center of gravity is near the edge of the base.
5. In anticipation of an oncoming force, stability may be increased by enlarging the size of the base of support in the direction of anticipated force.
6. Equilibrium may be enhanced by increasing the friction between body and the surfaces in contact with.
7. Rotation about an axis also helps in balancing.
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